Brunila, Kai; etal. (2000). Finland i krig 1940–1944– andra delen (in Swedish). Espoo, Finland: Schildts förlag Ab. p.285. ISBN 978-951-50-1140-4. The dreadnoughts, BB-26 South Carolina through BB-35 Texas, commissioned between 1910 and 1914, uniformly possessed twin turrets, introduced the superimposed turret arrangement that would later become standard on all battleships, and had relatively heavy armor and moderate speed (19–21 knots, 35–39km/h, 22–24mph). Five of the ten ships used the established vertical triple expansion (VTE) propulsion rather than faster direct-drive turbines, used by the British which had higher fuel consumption. The ships had 8 ( South Carolina class), 10 ( Delaware and Florida) or 12 ( Wyoming class) 12-inch guns, or 10 ( New York class) 14-inch (356mm) guns. The dreadnoughts gave good service, the last two classes surviving through World War II before being scrapped. However, they had some faults that were never worked out, and the midships turrets in the ten and twelve-gun ships were located near boilers and high-pressure steam lines, a factor that made refrigeration very difficult and problematic in hot climates. One of their number, Texas (BB-35), is the last remaining American battleship of the pre–World War II era and the only remaining dreadnought in the world. Appel, Erik; etal. (2001). Finland i krig 1939–1940– första delen (in Swedish). Espoo, Finland: Schildts förlag Ab. p.261. ISBN 978-951-50-1182-4. Miller, Nathan (1997). The U.S. Navy: A History (3rded.). Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-595-0. OCLC 37211290.

Brown, D. K. (2003). The Grand Fleet: Warship Design and Development 1906–1922. Caxton Editions. p.208. ISBN 978-1-84067-531-3. The canon-obusier [shell gun] originally constructed by Colonel Paixhans for the French Naval Service... was subsequently designated the canon-obusier of 80, No 1 of 1841... the diameter of the bore is 22 centimetres (8.65 inches)." From Douglas, Sir Howard, A Treatise on Naval Gunnery 1855 (Conway Maritime Press, 1982; reprinting 1855 edition), p. 201 ISBN 0-85177-275-7. The British undertook trials with shell guns at HMS Excellent starting in 1832. A Treatise on Naval Gunnery 1855, p. 198. Mahan was highly influential in naval and political circles throughout the age of the battleship, [2] [102] calling for a large fleet of the most powerful battleships possible. Mahan's work developed in the late 1880s, and by the end of the 1890s it had acquired much international influence on naval strategy; [2] in the end, it was adopted by many major navies (notably the British, American, German, and Japanese). The strength of Mahanian opinion was important in the development of the battleships arms races, and equally important in the agreement of the Powers to limit battleship numbers in the interwar era. [ citation needed]Corbett, Sir Julian. "Maritime Operations in the Russo-Japanese War 1904–1905." Volume II (2015) Originally published in October 1915. Naval Institute Press ISBN 978-1-59114-198-3

CombinedFleet.com". Combinedfleet.com. Archived from the original on February 3, 2009 . Retrieved January 31, 2009. The latter treaty had stipulated that warship guns could be no larger than 14-inches, however, a provision allowed signatory countries of the Second London Treaty – which including the United States, the United Kingdom, and France – to raise the limit to 16-inches if Japan or Italy failed to sign on. When Japan formally rejected the 14-inch limited in March 1937, an “escalator clause” was invoked, which allowed the North Carolina-class to have its guns increased to 16-inches.

A ship of the line was a large, unarmored wooden sailing ship which mounted a battery of up to 120 smoothbore guns and carronades, which came to prominence with the adoption of line of battle tactics in the early 17th century and the end of the sailing battleship's heyday in the 1830s. From 1794, the alternative term 'line of battle ship' was contracted (informally at first) to 'battle ship' or 'battleship'. [14] Mahan, Alfred Thayer (1987). The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, 1660–1783. New York: Dover Publications, Inc. ISBN 978-0-486-25509-5. Battleship Updates". The Battleship Texas Foundation. October 9, 1921. Archived from the original on October 21, 2021 . Retrieved October 21, 2021. Oregon (BB-3)". Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. Navy Department, Naval History and Heritage Command . Retrieved 15 September 2016. Compton-Hall, Richard (2004). Submarines at War 1914–18. Periscope Publishing Ltd. pp.155–62. ISBN 978-1-904381-21-1.